Thursday, August 23, 2007

How Window Tint Really Works Without Impeding Nighttime Driving

Window tint is a very popular accessory for cars, especially in areas where the temperatures can be hot and oppressive. While some people have window tint applied for cosmetic reasons the main reason for having it is to protect the interior from sun damage and to keep the inside of the vehicle cooler.

Window tint film is made of polyester with a thin layer of substances that create the shade of the tint. These substances consist of various dyes and metals as well in some cases. The window film is bonded to the glass with very powerful glues, much better than when tint first came out years ago.

One of the biggest myths in the window tint industry is that having dark tinted windows will impede your ability to drive at night. While this is certainly a possibility if one disobeyed the law and placed dark limo tint on every window, it is not true if the tint is applied properly. In most states in the U.S. you can only have the darkest window tint on the rear windows. The window tint is applied to reduce glare and will not interfere with your night driving ability.

Another big myth is the thought that the window tint is placed on the outside. If you think about it, this wouldn't even be practical. With objects hitting your windows all the time the film would quickly become damaged and be useless.

Normal windows that don't have tint applied to them only reflect about 5% of the visible light while transmitting 90% into the vehicle. Another 5% is absorbed by the glass. In contrast when tint is applied to your automobile's windows as much as the visible light transmitted can be as low as 15% and the light reflected may be as high as 30% or more. Just by looking at these numbers it is easy to see how window tint works to keep out the sun's damaging rays.

Quality window tint film also blocks the harmful and dangerous UV rays that not only are the rays that cause cancer, but are also the most damaging to your car's interior. In addition these films also keep out the infra red rays that are the source of heat build up in your car. The exact amount of light reflected and heat kept out depends upon the tint that you choose. Before choosing window tint for your vehicle check the local laws in your area, some cities even have municipal ordinances that super cede state laws.

Gregg Hall is an author living in Navarre Florida. Find more about Car Sun Visors at http://www.polarizedsunvisor.com

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All About Fire Safes

Safes provide an extra level of protection from theft or damage for important documents, computer data and other valued items for home and business owners. Fire safes are fire-resistant rather than fireproof, as they eventually succumb to the flames. Unless your home or business is far away from the nearest fire station and the fire is abnormally hot, your safe should have no problem withstanding the flames. Made of hollow sheet metal that is filled with fire-resistant insulation, fire safes are an extremely effective means of protecting your valued items.

Homeowners owning firearms also need fire safes for storage purposes. Such safes not only help keep their firearms from being damaged, they also keep the guns secure in storage.

Many business establishments also benefit from fire safes. This is especially true for any organisation that stores valuable archives. Most newspaper offices, for example, store their past editions on microfilm, and any damage to them would lead to a tremendous loss to the paper as well as the community. State archives buildings and museums often store the most valuable pieces in their collection in fire safes.

This guide will provide you with all the information you need to decide the fire safe best suited to your needs.

Primary Considerations The main questions you should ask yourself before buying a safe are:

What item do I want to protect? Is it cash, documents, jewelry, or computer data?

From what contingency do I want to protect those items fire or theft?

If you want protection from theft, then what is the value of the items to you in either monetary or sentimental terms?

If you want protection from fire, then consider if the items are paper or plastic media.

Once you have answered these questions, you will have a reasonable idea of the safe best suited to your needs. Shoppers interested in fire safes should consider type, size, and fire ratings. Fire ratings indicate how long the safe will endure a certain temperature for a certain amount of time. The higher the rating is, the more heat-resistant the safe will be.

Types

There are two types of fire safes: data storage and document storage. Both are effective, but offer different degrees of fire resistance. A fire safe designed to protect paper documents from fire and smoke damage keeps the internal temperature of the safe below 170 degrees centigrade. On the other hand, since computer equipment, disks, and videotapes melt at a lower temperature than paper burns, a fire data safe or media safe keeps the internal temperature below 52 degrees centigrade.

Size

Safes are a long-term investment; before choosing a model, it is important to have a clear idea of what you need to protectboth in the present and the future. Before making a purchase, also make sure you consider both the internal and the external dimensions. The safe should fit into its designated space, but should also have enough internal space to store your valuables. To get an idea of the minimum dimensions your safe should have, take the measurements of the largest item you will place in the safe. Purchase a safe with at least 20-25% more space than you think you will need. There are advantages and disadvantages to a large safe, however. A larger safe does not necessarily assure greater security. Although such safes cannot be removed as easily by a burglar, they cannot be removed by you in case of fire either.

Quality Ratings

Make sure that the safe is certified by ECBS, which is the European standard for quality safes. The ECBS provides a serial number on the safe, which serves as a mark of identification of the manufacturer and prevents unauthorised use. Shoppers should also ensure that the product has been manufactured under a certified quality system in accordance with ISO 9000 (EN ISO 9000). A few ECBS certification marks for fire-resistant safes include EN-1047-1 and VDMA 24991.

You can find a list of the ECBS members at http://www.fup-gut.de/english/members_e.htm.

Shopping for Safes

There is a substantial number of safe manufacturers and vendors who offer quality products. Watch out for vendors selling used safes, however, as older safes might not be of the same quality as new safes. Ask vendors whether they offer any sort of warranty, in case your safe is damaged in anyway. If the size of your safe is particularly large, then ask the vendor if it can be delivered and installed in the house for you.

Installing the Safe in the House

Fire-resistant safes can be stored anywhere as they are built to resist fire under virtually all circumstances. Concrete does, however, offer an extra layer of protection; place your safe within concrete if you can. If you have a large safe, ensure that you position it in a place that can support its weight.

Anthony Neary works for The Safe Shop in Preston which provide a wide range of Fire proof And Security Safes to individuals and business. For a selection of Fire Document Safes visit http://www.thesafeshop.co.uk/Categories/fire_document_safes/ Or for more info and the full range of safes visit http://www.thesafeshop.co.uk

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Adverse Effects Of Acid Rain

The term 'acid rain' is commonly used to mean the deposition of acid component in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. They are the result of air pollution. When any type of fuel is burnt, lots of different chemicals are produced. The smoke that comes from a fire or the fumes that come out of a car exhaust don't just contain the sooty grey particles that you can see - they also contains lots of invisible gases. Some of these gases (especially nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide) react with the tiny droplets of water in clouds to form sulphuric and nitric acids. The rain from these clouds then falls as very weak acid - which is why it is known as "acid rain".

Acid rain has an adverse effect on forest, freshwater and soil, killing off insects and aquatic life forms as well as causing damage to building and having possible impact on human health.

It is thought that acid rain can cause tree to grow more slowly or even to die. As it falls on a forest it trickles through the leaves of the trees and run down into the soil below. Some of it find its way into streams and then on into the river and lakes, thus effecting its creatures.

On other hand acid rain can affect trees by dissolving and washing way the nutrients and minerals in the soil which help in their growth. It is one of the major causes of the release of harmful substances such as aluminum into the soil. Somewhere, acid rain wear away the waxy protective coating of leaves, damaging them and preventing them from being able to photosynthesize properly.

On lakes and river water, acid rain has a diverse effect. Both the lower Ph and higher aluminum concentration in the surface water that occur as a result of the acid rain can cause damage to fish and other aquatic animals. At pHs lower than 5 most fish eggs will not hatch and lower pHs can kill adult fish. As lakes become more acidic biodiversity is reduced. Acid rain has eliminated insect life and some fish species.

Soil biology can also be seriously damaged by acid rain. Some tropical microbes can quickly consume acids but other microbes are unable to tolerate low pHs and are killed. The hydronium ions of acid rain also mobilize toxins and leach away essential nutrients and minerals of the soil. The effects of acid rain can last for generations, as the effects of pH level change can stimulate the continued leaching of undesirable chemicals into otherwise pristine water sources, killing off vulnerable insect and fish species and blocking efforts to restore native life.

On human health, acid rain have been shown to cause illness and premature deaths. Acid rain can also cause damage to certain building materials and historical monuments. Acid rain can cause weathering on ancient and valuable statues and has caused considerable damage. This is because the sulfuric acid in the rain chemically reacts with the calcium compounds in the stones (limestone, sandstone, marble and granite) to create gypsum, which then flakes off. This is also commonly seen on old gravestones where the acid rain can cause the inscription to become completely illegible. Acid rain also causes an increased rate of oxidation for iron. Visibility is also reduced by sulfate and nitrate in the atmosphere.

Author Richa Sinha is associated with Acid Rain. From here you can gather more information on effects of acid rain.

REPRINT RIGHTS statement: This article is free for republishing by visitors provided the Author Bio box is retained as usual so that all links are Active/Linkable with no syntax changes.

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House Renovation - Framing A Closet

Renovating can either be a fun experience, or a frustrating one, depending on how well you are prepared for it. And if youre renovating a house, then we would hope are quite well prepared. After all, the last thing you want to have to do when youre done is to re-do something you thought was working out just fine.

In any home, space is an issue. You can really never have enough of it. And a well made closet space is an essential part of the houses over all aesthetics. When smartly framed, your closet can be quite an asset, whether its for your precious wardrobe, or next to the main door to just hang coats. Now lets take it from the top.

First, you want to decide on the ideal size. 27 inches of depth is what you want for minimum, especially if you plan on hanging your clothes. Other size factors depend on the size of your room or what you need. You could go with a smaller single door closet, or a bigger walk in.

The best way to frame your closet is by laying the structure flat on the ground. You might want to consider placing it at one end of the rooms wall, just to make it more space efficient. But make sure it doesnt obstruct windows or heat boxes.

Once youve got the basic raw materials ready, make sure youve got the hardware too; apart from your tool box, keep in handy a nail gun, a power miter box and a compressor. If you dont have it on you, you could easily rent all three for less than $100 a day.

After you measure the wall height, you should cut them into length and lay them out between the top and sole plates that will be fixed to your ceiling and floor respectively. Also, figure out where your door will be centered and make sure you mark each spot that needs nailing or trimming, and each part of the frame clearly. After that, its really just putting the parts in place carefully.

Once your frame is ready, hoist it up carefully to put in place using 3 screws to fix the top of the frame to the ceiling. Place your choice of doors on to the frame and if you want to put a light bulb inside, it is advised you consult your local electrical inspector and use only fluorescent lights.

George Christodoulou,

If you have questions about house flipping or would like more information about framing closets and house renovation,
visit, http://houseflipblog.com for more information about house flipping.

You can also ask your questions about house flipping and have them answered by experts in the field.

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OPEL Is Better Than Toyota

Renate Knast, leader of the parliamentary group of the Greens in the Bundestag, informed yesterday with OPELs about natural gas vehicles. Here it regards the gas tanks of a Zafira CNG; at the microphone OSV Marketingleiter Klaus Hablik. The Adam OPEL GmbH found a new advertising medium for its cars on Monday: Renate Knast. Resulting from an annoying about the leaders of the parliamentary group of the Greens in the Bundestag and former consumer protection minister, the car manufacturer had invited the contentious politician to an information attendance into the work, because it had requested publicly the consumers to buy Toyota the Prius - a hybrid vehicle -. Knast had again likewise done from annoying, how she told frankly.

In the Gezerre around new European environmental standards with the CO2-Ausstoss she experienced the German manufacturers as very bocksbeinig. Yesterday the change: After a detailed information route by the OSV manufacturing, where the OPEL subsidiary company (OPEL Special Vehicles) equips new vehicles for the natural gas enterprise, well-known Renate Knast opposite the OPEL people obviously impresses: If Brussels would know, on what high pollution free and ecological standard you its vehicles manufactures, then the German automobile industry would not have there such a bad image as Bremser. With the Knast sentence OPEL is far better than its call nodded the OPEL guidance people still due, had then however to be said to be able: Over marketing and PR OPEL some more should think. The enterprise does still much too few, in order to represent, how ecological the vehicles are.

The Green politician without own car, who drives underground and taxi into Berlin only and uses officially the readiness to drive of the Bundestag, drew also immediately a concrete suggestion from the hat: Offering it the Bundestag presidency on that they equip the readiness to drive completely. Then about 600 the parliamentarians talk only well about OPELs, and many can convince themselves of the advantages. And it wishes itself that OPEL still more engineers adjusts, who develop still more economical and more pollution free vehicles. Had before Reinald lifted, managing director manufacturing, rightfully pointed out that OPEL had always directed its attention toward environmental protection and for example the first manufacturer with a standard catalyst had been.

At present pursue OPEL a three-fold strategy: First of all optimization of the conventional combustion engines (he still another Potenzial sees savings here of 20 per cent), secondly the advancement of vehicles for alternative fuels (ground connection and fermentation gas, in addition, development of hybrid and electric vehicles) and thirdly the work on the production stage of gas cell cars. In the center yesterday the natural gas models Zafira CNG and Combo CNG (Compressed Natural gas) were located, which can be operated also with fermentation gas. Interested Knast and its party friend Tarek aluminium-Wazir, parliamentary group leader of the Greens experienced in the hessian federal state parliament that these cars exhibit partially permission jumps of 40 per cent. But with annual requirements of 10,000 to 20,000 vehicles they are reequipped not yet in series built (that would only be worthwhile itself from approximately 30,000 to 40,000), but with OSV in seven hours. The surcharge of 3900 euro opposite a conventional vehicle is worthwhile itself according to OPELs owing to low operating cost (30 per cent lower than Diesels and even 50 per cent opposite Benzinern) with 20 of,000 kilometers per year already after two years.

Meanwhile there are country widely 750 natural gas- gas stations (at Ruesselsheim with the operating yards), until 2008 is to become it 1000. OPEL has already plans in the bag, as the natural gas models could be transferred fast to series production. One was well prepared also on questions of the two Green Party politicians: For the Combo Kastenwagen you should make advertisement, which gas hot springs with Installateuren install and then with the natural gas vehicle move, suggested Renate forward Knast and experienced from Reinald lifted: We make that for a long time, one of our target groups. And as Tarek aluminium-Wazir criticized that it do not give natural gas Zafira with automatic transmission, what nevertheless straight for Taxifahrer is interesting, promised the OPEL people that a turbo- Zafira with mechanism will come probably shortly.

Like that were both sides - which politician attendance had with a longer discussion with OPEL boss Hans Demant begun and with a Visite during the gas cell research in Mainz castellet ended - with the meeting contently, particularly lifted: Beautiful that we have now Mrs. Knast as an advertising ambassador

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Windows Don't Sweat, Football Players Do

Every year as winter approaches I get numerous calls from folks telling me that their windows are sweating, causing wood rot, mold and mildew and other undesirable problems. One of my favorite answers is, Windows dont sweat, a football player sweats. Actually, the proper word is condensation. But I personally think sweat sounds best, so well say windows sweat.

Why do some windows sweat? And what can you do about it?

Simply put, windows sweat because the windows are colder than the dew point of the air in the room. Only two steps will prevent this problem.

No. 1 Make the window warmer. Consider this. What happens if you set a glass of cold iced tea on the coffee table? First mother screams, Dont set that there, it will leave a ring on the table? What is happening? The cold surface from the glass is below the dew point. Moisture in the air moves to that cold spot and turns to water. Solution -- warm the glass. For example, if you pour that same glass of iced tea into a Styrofoam cup, no condensation occurs because the Styrofoam cup is warmer than the dew point in the room.

No. 2 Lower the humidity. If you are having moisture problems on your windows in the winter, perhaps the most economical solution is to lower the humidity in the room. Determine the source of the moisture. Is it from having lots of plants; is it from not using the vent fan when showering, bathing or cooking? If your house is on a slab, most humidity comes from not using a vent fan in kitchens and bathrooms, as well as bad ductwork and air infiltration.

However, if you house has a crawl space, the condensation on your windows is most likely coming from your crawl space. The solution for that one? Eliminate water and moisture problems under your house by totally sealing the ground and foundation walls with heavy plastic and close the foundation vents. Although most pest control companies agree with this solution, you should get their approval before closing your foundation vents.

In either case, the solution might be to make the windows warmer, which means adding storm windows or by replacing existing windows with super high efficiency windows, such as those we discussed earlier in the year in this column. To learn more about those windows and condensation problems, please visity www.dougrye.com.

Discover how you can have a more comfortable home and have lower utility bills guaranteed at http://www.dougrye.com Doug Rye is a licensed architect, a nationally known energy expert, and the popular host of the Home Remedies radio show. Doug travels all across the United States representing electric cooperatives and teaching consumers how to save energy on their home.

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Asset Protection Options

The worst thing you can do is own assets in your own name. If you are ever sued, you could lose everything. In this article I will introduce you to several structures you can use by themselves or combined to protect your business or your assets. This will be a very general discussion as there are many different ways you can structure things depending on your needs. You will need to discuss your individual circumstances with a professional advisor to get specific advice but this chapter will give you food for thought and a basic understanding of what is available.

The wealthy use these structures as part of their luxury lifestyles for tax planning, to protect their privacy, to protect their assets from seizure and for estate planning. They also use these structures to access investment opportunities that they as individuals may not have access to.

The best countries for asset protection vehicles:

Antigua

Belize

Bermuda

The Cook Islands

Lichtenstein

Panama

St Kitts & Nevis

St Vincent & The Grenadines

Seychelles

Switzerland

Vanuatu

Western Samoa

Here are some of the structures available in these jurisdictions that the wealthy use.

1. Trusts

Trusts have been used to protect assets since the Crusades. Trusts are used in jurisdictions that are English common law based. That means all the British Commonwealth countries.

The basic requirements of a trust are that you must have a settler (the person, usually you, who establishes the trust agreement and transfers the assets into the trust), a trustee (who takes title of these assets and manages them in accordance with the trust deed. The trustee is usually a company you set up or a professional trustee company you engage), and a beneficiary (the person or persons for whose benefit the trustee manages the assets).

The trust, not the settler or beneficiaries, controls the assets so, if any of these people are sued, the assets cannot be taken. For estate planning the beneficiaries can be named as your children or grandchildren even if they are unborn (or even unconceived).

There are many countries that offer trusts. For privacy reasons it is best to have your assets held outside the country you live in.

2. Foundations

Foundations originated in Roman times and can claim to be the original financial planning vehicle, predating trusts by around 1 000 years. Foundations and trusts are both used for the same thing but are structurally different.

Technically, a trust is a common law legal action and does not exist as a separate legal entity. A foundation is a legal entity in its own right and it owns the assets transferred to it. This makes the foundation similar to a company but the foundation has no stock (shares). Also, because foundations are based on civil law and not common law they are harder to challenge than trusts. Trusts are hard to challenge; foundations are harder. It is also easier to change the management of a foundation than it is for a trust.

The basic requirements of a foundation is that you must have a founder (equivalent to a trust settler), a foundation charter (equivalent to a trust deed), foundation protector (who has the power to remove or appoint council members and beneficiaries) and a foundation council (equivalent to a trustee). There are fewer countries that offer foundations than trusts but they are well regulated.

3. Companies

Companies set up in the correct jurisdictions can give you most of the benefits of trusts or foundations.

Companies are entities in their own right. The best way to set up a company is to use nominee directors and nominee shareholders or bearer shares. Nominee directors are directors you hire to control the company for you. You can also have nominee shareholders who are hired to own the company for you. Bearer shares are share certificates that are not issued in the name of a person. Anyone who 'bears' the certificate is te owner.

By using nominees or bearer shares you do not actually legally own or control the company. This can give you tax and privacy advantages. For safety when using nominees, get signed undated resignations from them right from the start. If you don't like what they are doing, you can then date the documents and remove them. It is usually a government requirement now for incorporation agents to retain the bearer share certificates in a safe deposit box on your behalf. This keeps your certificate safe and stops you transferring the company to terrorists without the incorporation company being involved and performing their 'know your customer' duties.

This is the best structure to use if you are planning to deal with the public, ie run a business.

4. Swiss Annuities

There is an asset protection vehicle in Switzerland called the annuity. This is the insurance product that can be used to protect cash assets from lawsuits including bankruptcy proceedings.

Annuities are a contract with a Swiss insurance company. You invest in the annuity and the insurance company guarantees your principal and all interest payments. It is one of the few interest bearing investments in Switzerland not subject to Swiss withholding tax.

5. Portfolio Bonds

A Portfolio Bond is a simple holding structure through which an investor can direct an insurance company to invest in a wide range of investment vehicles like stocks, bonds, mutual funds or cash.

The investor has a contract in his name with an insurance company, which is usually domiciled in a tax haven country. The insurance company opens a bank account selected by the investor. The investor is the client of the insurance company and the insurance company is the client of the bank. The bank makes the investments.

Portfolio Bonds enjoy legal protection from creditors. They can also be set up for estate planning and tax planning. They are excellent for privacy as the bank account and investments are in the name of the insurance company.

Which is the best vehicle and jurisdiction for you? It depends on your own personal circumstances & what you are trying to achieve. Consult an advisor to discuss your needs and for more information on any of the countries or asset protection vehicles discussed in this article.

Dr Gregory Lipke.

Dr Gregory Lipke is the CEO of Cyber Publishing Ltd. He has a Doctorate of Business Administration & a Bachelor of Science as well as years of experience in Private Investigation, Personal Protection & Security. He is the author of 'Your Luxury Guide' and Your Luxury Guide .

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